The Tradition of Name Changes at Christian Baptism

The practice of changing names at baptism has been a topic of much discussion among scholars of early Christianity. This custom, though not uniformly documented, appears to have significant historical roots and symbolic meanings.

Historical Examples

1. Theodore and Gregory: The case of Theodore and Gregory provides an early example of a name change at baptism. Gregory of Nyssa, a Church Father, had a brother named Theodore who became known as Gregory. This change signified a new identity and commitment to the Christian faith.

2. Eusebius and Pamphilus: Eusebius of Caesarea, often referred to as Eusebius Pamphili, adopted the name Pamphilus to honor his mentor Pamphilus of Caesarea. This act reflects the tradition of taking on new names as a form of spiritual rebirth or in honor of significant figures within the Christian community.

3. John as an Adoptive Name: Eusebius mentions the popularity of the name John among early Christians, suggesting that many adopted this name, possibly during baptism, to align themselves with the apostolic tradition and the esteemed figure of John the Apostle.

The Case of Origen

Origen, one of the most prolific early Christian theologians, presents an interesting case. Despite the apparent tradition of name changes, Origen did not change his name at baptism. However, he is sometimes referred to as Adamantius, which means "man of steel" or "invincible." This moniker might not have been a formal name change but rather an epithet reflecting his intellectual and spiritual strength.

Symbolic Significance

The practice of changing names at baptism is deeply symbolic. In the context of early Christianity, receiving a new name signified a break with the past and the beginning of a new life in Christ. This transformation is akin to the changes seen in biblical narratives, such as Abram becoming Abraham or Saul becoming Paul, where the name change marks a pivotal shift in the individual's divine mission and identity.

Scriptural Reflections

The symbolism of name changes is also echoed in Scripture. For example, in Exodus 28:13, the adornment of precious stones in the Garden of Eden symbolizes purity, beauty, and new beginnings, paralleling the transformation experienced at baptism.

Conclusion

The tradition of changing names at baptism, while not universally practiced, reflects a profound aspect of early Christian identity. It symbolizes a spiritual rebirth and alignment with the values and figures of the Christian faith. The examples of Theodore, Eusebius, and the adoption of names like John demonstrate the early Christian emphasis on continuity, honor, and transformation through the sacrament of baptism.